Leishmania infantum Axenic Amastigotes Induce Human Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Resist NET-Mediated Killing

Neutrophils are multifaceted cells that, upon activation, release meshes of chromatin associated with different proteins, known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes induce NET release, we have identified the signaling pathways involved in extrusion activated by promastigotes. Amastigotes maintain infection vertebrate hosts, shown association NETs human biopsies cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, interaction neutrophils remains poorly understood. Our study aimed to characterize formation induced axenic from L. infantum, causal agent visceral Human pretreated pathway inhibitors were incubated amastigotes, was quantified culture supernatant. Amastigote viability checked after incubation NETs. We found that stimulated these requires participation elastase peptidyl arginine deaminase involvement PI3K, ROS, calcium. Moreover, not susceptible NET-mediated killing. Altogether, findings improve our comprehension implicated between neutrophils.